VPN Setup

/how-to-set-up-a-vpn-in-5-minutes-for-free-and-why-you-urgently-need-one

Myth of the Superhuman AI

/the-myth-of-a-superhuman-ai

PHI 101 Introduction to Philosophy, Cahn, Exploring Philosophy

What is philosophy? 

12:14

Difficult, important and everywhere, 11:03

Philosophy1.2

SocialSciences/ppecorino/Online Textbook

Modern Philosophy Workbook & Source Material

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Part 1: Introduction

What Is Philosophy?
Monroe C. Beardsley and Elizabeth Lane Beardsley

The Value of Philosophy
Bertrand Russell

Defence of Socrates
Plato

Part 2: Reasoning

Logic, deductive-inductive

1. fallacies: petitio principii (begging the question), complex question, ad hominem, black and white thinking (either-or fallacy).

2. Definitions: analytical, stimulative, revelatory.

Necessary and sufficient conditions.

Scientific method

The Scope of Logic
Wesley C. Salmon

Improving Your Thinking
Stephen F. Barker

Necessary and Sufficient Conditions
Steven M. Cahn

Thinking to Some Purpose
L. Susan Stebbing

Pushover Arguments
Scott F. Aikin and Robert B. Talisse

Fixing Belief
Morris R. Cohen and Ernest Nagel

Scientific Inquiry
Carl G. Hempel

Antiscientism
Gillian Barker and Philip Kitcher

Part 3: Knowledge

Caring and Epistemic Demands
Linda Zagzebski

What Is Knowledge?
A. J. Ayer

Is Justified True Belief Knowledge?
Edmund L. Gettier

Conditions for Knowledge
Robert Nozick

Appearance and Reality
Bertrand Russell

What Can I Know?
D. Z. Phillips

The Problem of Induction
Bertrand Russell

Induction without a Problem
P. F. Strawson

Puzzling Out Knowledge
Susan Haack

Meditations on First Philosophy
René Descartes

An Essay Concerning Human Understanding
John Locke

A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge
George Berkeley

An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding
David Hume

Critique of Pure Reason
Immanuel Kant

Part 4: Mind

The Ghost in the Machine
Gilbert Ryle

Body and Soul
Richard Taylor

The Mind–Body Problem
Paul M. Churchland

What Is It Like to Be a Bat?
Thomas Nagel

The Qualia Problem
Frank Jackson

Knowing What It’s Like
David Lewis

Computing Machinery and Intelligence
Alan Turing

Do Computers Think?
John Searle

The Body Problem
Barbara Montero

Meditations on First Philosophy
René Descartes

Part 5: Free Will

Free Will
Thomas Nagel

Free Will and Determinism
W. T. Stace

Freedom or Determinism?
Steven M. Cahn

The Principle of Alternative Possibilities
Harry Frankfurt

The Capacities of Agents
Neil Levy

An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding
David Hume

The Dilemma of Determinism
William James

Part 6: God

Does God Exist?
Ernest Nagel

Why God Allows Evil
Richard Swinburne

The Desires of the Heart
Eleonore Stump

Pascal’s Wager
Simon Blackburn

Pascal’s Wager: An Assessment
Linda Trinkaus Zagzebski

The Problem of Hell
Marilyn McCord Adams

Faith and Reason
Michael Scriven

The Hiddenness of God
Robert McKim

God and Forgiveness
Anne C. Minas

God and Morality
Steven M. Cahn

The Ontological Argument
Anselm and Gaunilo

Summa Theologiae
Thomas Aquinas

Natural Theology
William Paley

Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion
David Hume

The Wager
Blaise Pascal

The Will to Believe
William James

Part 7: Identity and Immortality

A Case of Identity
Brian Smart

The Problem of Personal Identity
John Perry

The Unimportance of Identity
Derek Parfit

Life after Death
Terence Penelhum

Do We Need Immortality?
Grace M. Jantzen

An Essay Concerning Human Understanding
John Locke

A Treatise of Human Nature
David Hume

Essays on the Intellectual Powers of Man
Thomas Reid

Part 8: Moral Theory

How Not to Answer Moral Questions
Tom Regan

Moral Isolationism
Mary Midgley

The Nature of Ethical Disagreement
Charles L. Stevenson

The Rationality of Moral Action
Philippa Foot

Kant’s Ethics
Onora O’Neill

Assessing Utilitarianism
Lewis P. Pojman

A Supreme Moral Principle?
Steven M. Cahn

Virtue Ethics
Bernard Mayo

The Ethics of Care
Virginia Held

Happiness and Morality
Christine Vitrano

Existentialism
Jean-Paul Sartre

Nicomachean Ethics
Aristotle

Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals: The Categorical Imperative
Immanuel Kant

Utilitarianism
John Stuart Mill

Part 9: Moral Problems

A Defense of Abortion
Judith Jarvis Thomson

On the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion
Mary Anne Warren

Why Abortion Is Immoral
Don Marquis

Virtue Theory and Abortion
Rosalind Hursthouse

Active and Passive Euthanasia
James Rachels

The Intentional Termination of Life
Bonnie Steinbock

Famine, Affluence, and Morality
Peter Singer

World Hunger and Moral Obligation: The Case against Singer
John Arthur

The Case for Animal Rights
Tom Regan

Why Animals Have No Rights
Carl Cohen

Speaking of Animal Rights
Mary Anne Warren

Part 10: Society

Two Concepts of Citizenship
Jean Hampton

Democracy
John Dewey

Letter from a Birmingham Jail
Martin Luther King Jr.

What Is a Liberal Education?
Sidney Hook

Cultivating Humanity
Martha Nussbaum

Proportional Representation
Celia Wolf-Devine

Facing Facts and Responsibilities
Karen Hanson

What Good Am I?
Laurence Thomas

Five Faces of Oppression
Iris Marion Young

Crito
Plato

On Liberty
John Stuart Mill

Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844
Karl Marx

Part 11: Social Justice

A Theory of Justice
John Rawls

Distributive Justice
Robert Nozick

The Idea of Justice
Amartya Sen

Noncontractual Society: A Feminist View
Virginia Held

The Republic
Plato

Leviathan
Thomas Hobbes

Part 12: Art

The Role of Theory in Aesthetics
Morris Weitz

Interpreting Poetry
Charles L. Stevenson

Fearing Fictions
Kendall Walton

The Aesthetic Appreciation of Nature
Marcia M. Eaton

The Republic
Plato

Poetics
Aristotle

Part 13: Life and Death

The Trolley Problem
Judith Jarvis Thomson

Turning the Trolley
Judith Jarvis Thomson

Death
Thomas Nagel

The Badness of Death
Shelly Kagan

The Afterlife
Samuel Scheffler

How the Afterlife Matters
Harry G. Frankfurt

The Significance of Doomsday
Susan Wolf

Phaedo
Plato

Writings
Epicurus

The Handbook
Epictetus

Part 14: The Meaning of Life

The Meaning of Life
Richard Taylor

Meaning in Life
Susan Wolf

Philosophy and the Meaning of Life
Robert Nozick

Impeachment vs. The Constitution

This is the best description of the implications of the past several days, weeks and months. The insane, hate-obsessed Democrats and left are trying to destroy the Constitution. All the while they are committing political suicide. Bold emphasis below – mine. From Newt Gingrich – historian, former Speaker of the House – who went to extremes to treat Clinton fairly during his impeachment. Please note the historical people quoted along with current legal experts.

The coming weeks will be devastating to the Democrats/left. For comparison, take a little time to research the backgrounds/bios of the Democrat impeachment managers vs Trump’s legal team.  Many of the points made below will be used/repeated by the Trump’s legal team. The Dem’s impeachment managers will stay away from these arguments – the same ones they used during the Clinton impeachment and trial.  Note Clinton had 12 laws he violated and was trial for; Trump has zero laws violated.

The annihilation will be incredible.

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House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., seemed giddy Wednesday as she announced the impeachment managers who would go to the Senate and attempt to prosecute a case against President Trump.

“He’s been impeached forever,” Pelosi said. “They can never erase that.”

However, Pelosi has it exactly backward. The Senate is going to refuse to convict President Trump. He will be exonerated, and she and the Democrats will be condemned by history.

PELOSI GLEEFULLY REMINDS TRUMP HE'S 'IMPEACHED FOREVER' DURING APPEARANCE ON BILL MAHER SHOW

The wide repudiation of the House Democratic betrayal of the Constitution is already beginning. As a historian myself, I think it’s important to document these reactions.

Consider historian Victor Davis Hanson’s analysis for the National Review, which was subtitled: “The new normal: Impeachment as a routine partisan tool, endless investigations, lying under oath with impunity, surveillance of political enemies, zero accountability.”

This is hardly an endorsement of Pelosi’s trivialization of the Constitution.

Abraham Lincoln scholar and highly respected historian Allen Guelzo asserted in The Wall Street Journal:

[Charles] Pinckney and [Rufus] King might have been right in 1787. Americans prefer to choose their presidents with elections, and whenever impeachment is used in an attempt to nullify those choices, the results aren’t happy for anyone. That was true in 1868, and as both Andrew Johnson and his accusers might warn us, it remains true after a century and a half.”

Clearly, Pelosi did not know enough history to understand the warnings of Pinckney and King – or the sad end of the impeachment process against President Johnson.

When he was interviewed by Arun Rath, Harvard law professor and ACLU liberal Alan Dershowitz commented:

“[Alexander] Hamilton said that the greatest danger would be an impeachment that was based on who had the most votes in the House or removal based on who had the most votes in the Senate. And that's precisely what we're seeing happen, and the reason we're seeing it is because of the use of open-ended criteria. Every controversial president since John Adams has been accused of abuse of power. And obstruction of Congress? That's part of our system of checks and balances. ... So I think the House of Representatives violated the Constitution when they impeached him on these two grounds.”

When testifying before by Congress, George Washington University law professor Jonathan Turley warned:

“One can oppose President Trump’s policies or actions but still conclude that the current legal case for impeachment is not just woefully inadequate, but in some respects, dangerous, as the basis for the impeachment of an American president.”

So, from these perspectives, it is Pelosi – not Trump – who threatens to undermine the Constitution.

As former federal prosecutor Andy McCarthy pointed out on Fox News, the Pelosi strategy is simply to “bruise President Trump with an unending stream of new impeachment allegations” in order to hurt his chances at reelection. McCarthy added that “after over 230 years, we have entered the era of partisan impeachment that the Framers feared. This is what it looks like.”

So McCarthy sees Pelosi behaving in exactly the unconstitutional and narrowly partisan manner the writers of the Constitution hoped to avoid. Again, it is Pelosi – not Trump – who is undermining the Constitution.

In addition, The New York Post’s editorial board noted that “Intelligence Chairman Adam Schiff has been lying to the world for years in his nonstop campaign to smear President Trump.” Their judgment is that it is Schiff, D-Calif., – and not Trump – who has been a continuous serial liar.

The Wall Street Journal’s editorial board summarized the disaster of Pelosi’s bid to delay sending the articles of impeachment to the Senate, saying her move “further exposes how Democrats have defined impeachment down. The House hearings blocked GOP witnesses and limited cross-examination. Despite selective leaks and a pro-impeachment media, they failed to move public opinion or persuade Republicans that Mr. Trump committed impeachable offenses.”

The Wall Street Journal editorial board went on to call Democrats’ actions “an abuse of the impeachment power” and reiterated that the things alleged in the articles of impeachment “aren’t close to impeachable.”

Madison Gesiotto in The Hill called this “the flimsiest and most partisan impeachment in history.”

In fact, as Pelosi played games with appointing impeachment managers, even senior Democrats began to lose patience. “The longer it goes on the less urgent it becomes,” Democratic Sen. Dianne Feinstein of California told reporters. “If it is serious and urgent, send them over. If it is not, do not send it over.”

Republican Sen. Susan Collins of Maine suggested that the delays were wrong. As she put it, “doesn’t that suggest that the House did an incomplete job, then?”

Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., neatly summarized the Democratic House-created calamity in his floor statement Thursday, saying “it was a transparently partisan performance from beginning to end.”

McConnell went on to remind the country of the Founding Fathers’ fears of exactly the kind of narrow bitter partisanship Pelosi has been displaying.

Paraphrasing Alexander Hamilton, McConnell warned that “blinded by factionalism, the House of Representatives would abuse the power of impeachment to serve nakedly partisan goals rather than the long-term interests of the American people and their Republic.”

Finally, it’s clear the House Democrats have failed utterly to live up to the standard of prosecution set out by former Associate Supreme Court Justice Robert H. Jackson (who served as chief prosecutor of the Nuremberg trials). Jackson cautioned the Conference of United States Attorneys on April 1, 1940:

“With the law books filled with a great assortment of crimes, a prosecutor stands a fair chance of finding at least a technical violation of some act on the part of almost anyone. In such a case, it is not a question of discovering the commission of a crime and then looking for the man who has committed it, it is a question of picking the man and then searching the law books, or putting investigators to work, to pin some offense on him. It is in this realm in which the prosecutor picks some person whom he dislikes or desires to embarrass or selects some group of unpopular persons and then looks for an offense, that the greatest danger of abuse of prosecuting power lies. It is here that law enforcement becomes personal, and the real crime becomes that of being unpopular with the predominant or governing group, being attached to the wrong political views, or being personally obnoxious to or in the way of the prosecutor himself.”

So no, Nancy. President Trump does not have to fear the judgment of history on this impeachment effort.

The judgment of history is going to be that a group of scoundrels in control of the U.S. House of Representatives placed partisan interests above the country, undermined the Constitution, weakened America in the world, and lied about the duly elected president of the United States.

This will become Pelosi’s moment of shame, and Trump’s moment of redemption.

Rise and Fall of the British Empire

.com/item/all-empires-must-fall

Killer LinkedIn Profile

how-to-create-a-killer-linkedin-profile

Religious Freedom

1. Ensuring Religious Organizations Are Treated the Same as Secular Ones.
    
2. Requiring Public Schools to Respect Students’ Rights to Express Their Faith.
    
3. Ordering That Federal Grant Programs Cannot Discriminate Against Religious Schools or Organizations.

Obama Broke Law But Not Impeached

the-gao-ruled-obama-broke-the-law-in-2014-but-no-one-called-for-his-impeachment

Digital Marketing Content Creation

digitalmarketinginstitute.com/blog/2017-5-2-5-top-free-content-creation-tools-and-resources

Child Left Church: Videos 1, 2, 3, 4 and Gameplan

why-your-child-has-left-church

video-2-three-seeds-you-must-plant-in-your-childs-life-watch

/watch-video-3-seven-practical-strategies

/video-4-complete-game-plan-watch

/game-plan

Behavioral Questions

Behavioral

Ben Shapiro on White Privilege

White

Distinctive Roman Christianity

Roman Christianity

Computer Companies in Greater Philadelphia

Unisys Corporation is an American global information technologycompany based in Blue Bell, Pennsylvania, that provides a portfolio of IT services, software, and technology. It is the legacy proprietor of the Burroughs and UNIVAC line of computers, formed when the former bought the latter.

The Burroughs Corporation was a major American manufacturer of business equipment. The company was founded in 1886 as the American Arithmometer Company, and after the 1986 merger with Sperry UNIVACwas renamed Unisys. The company's history paralleled many of the major developments in computing. At its start it produced mechanical adding machines, and later moved into programmable ledgers and then computers. It was one of the largest producers of mainframe computers in the world, also producing related equipment including typewriters and printers.

UNIVAC is the name of a line of electronic digital stored-program computers starting with the products of the Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation. Later the name was applied to a division of the Remington Rand company and successor organizations. UNIVAC is an acronym for UNIVersal Automatic Computer.

The BINAC, built by the Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation, was the first general-purpose computer for commercial use. The descendants of the later UNIVAC 1107 continue today as products of the Unisys company.

Geopolitics of 19th Century Japan and China

/geopolitics-and-asias-little-divergence

A.I. Neural Painting

bob-ross-deepmind-deep-dream-a-i-neural-network-lsd-painting

LinkedIn Headshot Session

What Should I Wear for my Headshot Session?
Things to consider: 1) Color and details; 2) Style and; 3) Accessories.
What Suggestions Do I Need to Know?
1. Color and Patterns –
a. Try to avoid black and white.
b. Choose clothes that complement your skin tone and eye color.
c. For guys who are locked into white shirts, partner with a bright tie.
d. Choose jackets that have a subtle pattern.
Key Takeaway: Choose a color you are comfortable with that makes you feel good.
2. Style –
a. Try to choose a classic or fresh look, not something too trendy.
b. Watch outs: busy patterns, plaids, turtlenecks, shiny fabrics, and seasonal styles.
c. For women, crew, boat, or scoop necks are flattering.
d. For business casual men, button down collar and sport jacket work well
Key Takeaway: Choose a style you feel good wearing.
3. Accessories –
a. Less is more.
b. Stud earrings work well – simple pearl, diamond or gem stone.
c. Try and avoid necklaces, unless you feel you need to wear it.
d. If wearing glasses; ideally they will have a non-glare coating or consider borrowing a pair of glassless frames.
Additional Takeaways
 Make sure your clothes fit.
 Don’t overdress.
 If still uncertain about what to wear, ask close friends for their opinions.
 Relax and enjoy your headshot session.

Marriage for Procreation to Combat Gay Unions, Abortion

theologian-church-must-prioritize-procreation-in-marriage-to-combat-abortion

Review of the Museum of the American Revolution

immerse-yourself-in-1776-and-all-that

Sample Value Proposition Letter

/value-proposition-letter-sample